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Read the text and answer questions

Human beings have invented many important things so far. They have brought great civilization to the world through these inventions. Do you know which invention is the greatest? It is 'the wheel'.

A wheel is a circular object. It can rotate around its axis and help easy movement of things across a surface.

The wheels are, in fact, everywhere. They are on our cars, trains, planes, wagons and so on. Besides, they are on most factory and farm equipment. Fans, propellers, turbines are also other types of wheels.

So the wheel is very important. We cannot imagine modern life without wheels. But do we know exactly who made the first wheel?

Created: 6 months ago | Updated: 6 months ago
Updated: 6 months ago

The wheel

Key words : circular rotate axis propeller turbine mobility journey (v) vehicle invention civilisation

A. Look at the pictures and say which one is easier to move and why.

 

B. Read the text and answer the following questions.

Human beings have invented many important things so far. They have brought great civilization to the world through these inventions. Do you know which invention is the greatest? It is 'the wheel'.

A wheel is a circular object. It can rotate around its axis and help easy movement of things across a surface.

The wheels are, in fact, everywhere. They are on our cars, trains, planes, wagons and so on. Besides, they are on most factory and farm equipment. Fans, propellers, turbines are also other types of wheels.

So the wheel is very important. We cannot imagine modern life without wheels. But do we know exactly who made the first wheel?

Questions

  1. What is a wheel?
  2. What can a wheel do?
  3. Where can you find wheels?

 

C. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the box. There are more words than necessary.

difficult        much        circular       important        heavy        first

Although the wheel is a very (a) ------ invention, the history of its origin is unknown. Experts guess that the first wheel was developed from a circular object. The early man observed that a huge piece of stone could be rolled easily if it was (b) ------ in shape. Similarly, a heavy tree-trunk is (c) ------ to carry; but it can be rolled away with less effort. Even, a gigantic tree-trunk can be moved easily using other small and round trunks as rollers under it. Thus, early man took advantage of rolling objects and developed the (d) ------ wheel. Apart from its mechanical advantage, a wheel's mobility has contributed (e) ------ to the civilisation.

 

D. Make as many correct sentences as you can using the substitution table. In the third column there are more items than necessary.

1. The wheel

2. A plain wheel

3. It

4. A propeller

 

is 

has 

rotates

a type of wheel.

around its axis. one of the simplest machines.

wheels on vehicles and machines.

helped in rapid progress of civilisation.

 

E. Have you ever travelled by bus or car? Do you have any experience of what happens if one wheel falls flat. If yes, give a description of your experience. If no, imagine such a situation, and write a paragraph on it.

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What are some examples of Bangladeshi folk music genres mentioned in the passage?

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Some examples of Bangladesh folk music genres mentioned in the passage are Palligiti, Bhatiwali, Jari, Sari, Gambira, Lalon Giti, Palagan, and the songs of Hason Raja.

2

How are the instruments used in folk music connected to the land and environment?

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The instruments used in folk music are connected to the land and environment deeply. Our agriculture, food, ecology, seasons, and rituals are reflected in this tunes.

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What happens to folk music as people move to cities and villages change?

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As people move to cities and villages change, the traditional tunes of folk music gradually fade.

4

How is Bangladeshi folk music still present in mainstream media, despite its decline?

Created: 6 months ago | Updated: 6 months ago
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Film directors feature these folk music in the films and thus folk music still present in mainstream media.

5

Discuss in groups and write a paragraph on the following topic Folk Music:

Created: 6 months ago | Updated: 6 months ago
Updated: 6 months ago

Folk music is an integral part of our culture. The life of the rural people is reflected in folk music. Our agriculture, food, seasons, and rituals are all reflected in these songs. Village people express their weal and woe and feelings through different form of folk music like Palligiti, Bhatiwali, Jari, Sari, Lalon Giti, Palagan, etc. But people's taste for music has changed over time. As people migrate to cities and villages transform, our traditional folk songs are slowly fading. Folk music or Palligiti is now sung with western instruments. At the same time, modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general band and pop music is becoming more and more popular, particularly among the young generation. Yet folk music has a great importance in our everyday life today. As this song is deeply rooted in our culture, people still derive pleasure listening to folk music. Besides, folk music is still used in mainstream films and music albums.

(a) consists (5) exclusively (c) depend (d) bamboo (e) instruments

Folk music (a) consists of tunes, lyrics and knowledge which are passed down orally for generations. The ways of folk life arc (b) exclusively reflected in the folk songs like Palligiti, Bhatiali, Jari, Sari, Gambhira, Lalon Giti, Paalagan etc. The types and nature of folk music (c) depend on and differ from various landscapes and languages of ethnic communities. The instruments used for folk music are commonly crafted from locally available materials, like animal skin, (d) bamboo and calabash. But nowadays, folk music has found its place in mainstream films and music albums sung with modern (e) instruments as well.

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