What is machine learning? Differentiate among supervised learning vs unsupervised learning vs reinforcement learning.

You are asked to lead a team of software engineers to develop an application software system for your company and deploy it as fast as possible. You need to gather user requirements, design, develop, test and then deploy the system. Between Waterfall Approach and Incremental Approach, which software development approach will you take for your software project? Explain your answer.

How many types of modes are used in data transferring through networks? Briefly explain those modes. Differentiate between TCP vs UDP.

Briefly describe primary key, foreign key and index in relational database and their relationship. Do you think database indexing always makes applications faster? Explain your answer.

Let a database has two tables, Customers and Orders. The following figure shows the partial data of these two tables. Based on this partial data, explain Inner, Left, Right and Full join. Show the result set of each join operation.

What do you understand about the IT disaster recovery plan? Describe your approach to disaster recovery and business continuity planning for the data centre of your office.

Let you procure a microfinance application and host it in your office's data centre. What kind of cyber-security threats should you be aware of and what steps would you take to mitigate the threats?

Write a program in any language to find the prime numbers between 1.. n, where n is taken as user input.

Sample input:

Enter value of n: 20

Sample Output:

Prime Numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19,

Write a program in any language to find the sum of rows and columns of a m x n matrix, where m and n is taken input from the user. Give the output in the following format:

Sample Input matrix:

$\begin{array}{cccc}1& 3& 4& 2\\ 2& 4& 5& 3\\ 3& 2& 2& 1\end{array}$

Sample Output:

$$\begin{gathered} \begin{array}{ccccc}1& 3& 4& 2& 10\\ 2& 4& 5& 3& 14\\ 3& 2& 2& 5& 12\end{array} \\ \begin{array}{ccc}6& 9& 11\end{array} \end{gathered}$$

What do you understand about software quality assurance (SQA)? While purchasing a software system for your company, as a SQA team leader what aspects will you look into for a quality software.

What is SaaS and multi-tenant architecture? How are they related? What are the advantages and disadvantages of multi-tenancy? For a multi-vendor e-commerce application, you can choose a database architecture where you can put all the vendors in a single database or each vendor in a separate database. Which architecture will you follow and why?

What are the different types of transmission media used for data communication? Explain their advantages and disadvantages.

Briefly describe the following network devices: Repeater, Hub, Bridge, Switch and Router.

Assume that an office has three departments and each department has 50 to 70 employees who are using computers with Windows operating systems. The office space is designed in such a way that an employee can use any computer within a department. Once an employee logs in from a computer, he/she will get access to his files from the server. Let you are planning for network and server setup for this company.

a. What is Active Directory? Do you need an Active Directory for such an office? If yes, briefly explain its use under this circumstance.

b. What is a subnet? What benefits will you get using subnets for this office?

What exactly is a microcontroller? What distinguishes a microprocessor from a microcontroller? Mention the differences between RISC and CISC microprocessors.